Virtues of integrity and veracity in reporting, data alone is not enough. A case study approach
Author
Natàlia Cugueró-Escofet – (Universitat Oberta de Catalunya)
Núria Villaescusa Serrano – (IESE B.S., Universidad de Navarra)
Received April 24, 2018; accepted May 25, 2018.
Abstract
One of the claims made in reporting is that firms should publish more information, both quantitative and qualitative. The annual reports of companies are thought precisely to fulfill this function: allowing the ones who have any type of interest in companies to be aware of the data, both quantitative and qualitative (in the form of annual reports). In this paper, we argue that data alone is not enough. We use the case of the company Fish&Fish, Inc. to show that the problem goes beyond the data itself. The most well calculated data and the most detailed reports could be insufficient to deter future ethical misbehaviors or to perform ethical behavior for the stakeholders. We argue that data must be complemented with several ethical virtues: integrity on the managerial part, veracity in the way reports are written. These two should also be complemented with justice, meaning that balancing several interests that parties have at the same time and managing the way integrity and veracity needs to be implemented in reporting decisions. Looking at Fish&Fish, Inc. we show that the main problems was the lack of veracity and integrity in the reporting that may mask present or future fraud.
Una de las afirmaciones hechas en los informes es que las empresas deberían publicar más información, tanto cuantitativa como cualitativa. Se cree que los informes anuales de las empresas cumplen precisamente esta función: permitir que quienes tienen algún tipo de interés en las empresas conozcan los datos, tanto cuantitativos como cualitativos (en forma de informes anuales). En este artículo, sostenemos que los datos por sí solos no son suficientes. Utilizamos el caso de la empresa Fish & Fish, Inc. para mostrar que el problema va más allá de los datos en sí. Los datos mejor calculados y los informes más detallados podrían ser insuficientes para disuadir futuros comportamientos éticos o para llevar a cabo un comportamiento ético para las partes interesadas. Argumentamos que los datos deben complementarse con varias virtudes éticas: integridad en la parte gerencial, veracidad en la forma en que se escriben los informes. Estos dos también deben complementarse con justicia, lo que significa que equilibrar varios intereses que las partes tienen al mismo tiempo y gestionar la forma en que la integridad y la veracidad deben implementarse en las decisiones de presentación de informes. Al observar a Fish & Fish, Inc., mostramos que los principales problemas fueron la falta de veracidad e integridad en los informes que pueden enmascarar el fraude presente o futuro.
Citation
Cugueró-Escofet, N., & Villaescusa, N. (2018). Virtues of integrity and veracity in reporting, data alone is not enough. A case study approach. European Accounting and Management Review, 4(2), 93-110.
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Keywords
- Reporting
- Management Control Systems
- Justice
- Fairness
- Virtues
- Integrity
- Veracity
- Accounting fraud
Palabras clave
- Reporting
- Sistema de control de gestión
- Justicia
- Equidad
- Virtudes
- Integridad
- Veracidad
- Fraude contable
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